Most of the homes I’ve been in, especially here in Sokode, have electricity. People often have wall lights, CD players, and a television. However, the electricity is cut often, and to lose electricity several times a day for 5 minutes to several hours is not uncommon. This interferes with all types of businesses. My host family ran a dance club; without electricity on Friday night there was no music and no clients. The school I’m working with had an appointment to do a promotion with a radio station. As we were approaching the station, the lights went out. The station itself, due to its collaboration with VOA, had a generator, but it doesn’t help all the clients who have radios that plug into the wall. Therefore the radio station didn’t do the program. I’ve been at cyber cafes when the current was cut and have lost emails that were partially written. The list of people affected by the irregular power supply can go on and on; I’m just providing examples so you can imagine how the entire economy is affected by irregular electricity.
The use of electricity in the home does not extend to the kitchen. It is uncommon to have a refridgerator. Most people here cook using charcoal made from wood. I spent an afternoon making charcoal with my host brother. First he chopped down 2 trees that were about 5 years old. We piled the branches and leaves together, adding the green leaves on top to act as an umbrella against the dirt he shoveled on next. The green wood was set on fire before the pile was completely covered with dirt, and then holes were poked into it for air. The pile then is left for a week or so, depending on the size, until he could return to shovel it open and sort out the pieces of charcoal large enough to use or sell. One pile of 2 trees will provide enough fuel for about 2 weeks of cooking in one house.
I have a gas tank and a stove, which in the long run is not only cheaper but more efficient and better for the environment. The problem with the gas tank is that the initial purchase of the tank itself is quite expensive, and therefore the start up costs for cooking with gas is prohibitive to most Togolese. The stove and refilling the tank are reasonably affordable, but it is hard to get the tank initially. In Togo we will continue to see women fanning their small charcoal fires, children walking long distances with wood piles on their heads, and men chopping down trees for a long time to come.